February 7th, 2009
I wrote a short post about homeschooling last year that criticized one specific opinion held by one particular homeschooler, and while it was a good criticism, it got in the way of the positive potential homeschooling has. I said then, and I will say again, that I have no love for homeschooling done for wrong or destructive reasons like religious indoctrination (obviously a problem when there have to be publications with names like Secular Homeschooling, and their reviews of science books catering to homeschoolers have to flag the non-science/non-sense in them, especially concerning evolution). But I also don’t have a lot of love for traditional K-12 schooling.
Various people have argued that public schools are as good as private schools, or drops in SATs actually reflect new tests or a broader demographic going to college taking the tests. I am also aware of the issue that the U.S. looks worse than many other countries because we don’t track students the same way. But really, the basic system was formulated with a bunch of flaws and was not intelligently designed at all.
I mean, why do we have summers off? To give everyone time to forget what they learned through disuse? To work the fields? To force families to spend extra money on daycare or camps?
Why are schools one size fits all? Because everyone learns at the same pace? Because there is only one pace and one order to learn subjects, and it was found through a laborious search?
Why aren’t all teachers well versed in their subjects? Why do we as a society hold school teacher to be a low-prestige position and why don’t we pay them better and attract the top people with an interest in teaching?
Why are languages taught so late in school, usually when they are more difficult to learn and when it is impossible to avoid having an accent?
Why do we have a handful of school boards, usually at the state level, sometimes voted in on the basis of politics or anti-educational special interests (e.g., creationism), decide on a small number of mediocre textbooks that everyone will use?
As an experimental scientist, I want to see more innovation more places and the best systems identified and replicated. I want to use what we now understand about education, what tools we now have available, to revolutionize education. I want science fiction to be happening not just in laboratories and in the gadget drawers of the rich and powerful, but in schools. I see the internet being integrated into schools, and then I see students getting lazier about their research rather than more insightful.
I mean, I used to have to go to the library and sift through several books an encyclopedias, a slow process, when I heard about someone or something I wanted to learn more about. Now with the internet that time is reduced to seconds. That should leave more time to think, and to learn. It seems to result in quick cut and pastes, or quick paraphrasing, and a return to texting their friends or playing video games.
Education in science fiction shows up once in a while. We have the “Teacher” from what I consider the worst episode of original Star Trek ever:
Here in the condensed episode of “Spock’s Brain,” skip ahead to 2:30 for the teacher.
Much better and more interesting, minus the camp value, is Michael Burstein’s short story “Tele-Absence.” Sorry, not available for free. Worth the reading, I think.
Now, I’m a believer in using science fiction as an educational tool for all sorts of things, especially science, but let’s turn this around.
I think we need to use emerging technology to tell stories, answer questions on the fly, help students to visualize everything. Some form of virtual reality, I think, so that textbooks come alive, and information is provided on the spot as required. Online courses, whether traditional or those that will make use of new technology, can compete and be shared. Future teachers will really need to be on the ball to make sure the information is good, to be able to lead students through interactive environments, address individual interests and needs, and to inspire.
Learning shouldn’t be hard. Learning shouldn’t be slow. Learning shouldn’t be a bore.
Essentially everything that is taught in a K-12 curriculum is very interesting or important. Why can’t it be presented as such? I mean, the dreaded word problem was presumably designed to bring some real-world relevance to math, but man do I not remember a single interesting one. Trains and airplanes and apples and John and Mary with different amounts of change in their pockets. I mean, my god, I am getting dumber just trying to remember some of these. I remember one from college physics about a man walking along the shore and a turtle walking along a canoe…!!! WTF?! The one I remember with “Mister Spook and Captain Quirk” wasn’t much better. I do give one in intro astronomy about how much easier it would be for a Predator to see Kirk than Spock because of the differences in their body temperature — only about ten percent — but we could speculate about evolutionary pressure on Vulcan compared with Earth in light of infrared-seeing hunters.
(An aside: I remember thinking in college that there was a need for a book like “101 Extremely Violent Physics Problems” that involved cars skidding off cliffs, the speed of bodies hitting pavement, and the force of bullets on impact. That would have been fun, a lot of fun, at a particular age. Probably wouldn’t have gotten more girls into physics, but the field hasn’t done a good job of that anyway, and the girls going into physics anyway would be more interesting than average with these kind of textbooks.)
I’m digressing, I fear. There is fun stuff here, interesting stuff here. I remember so many times that if I could just see something, play around with it, I could figure it out. It isn’t so easy to visualize or play around with abstract descriptions in textbooks. Think about the usually awful job movies do with math…you get a montage with equations flying around but rarely any content, and the audience feels like they get it better than when you have an info dump given in lecture form.
One of Einstein’s most powerful memories from childhood that guided him into and through his science career was seeing a magnet in a compass align with north, mysterious and invisible forces in action that were nonetheless understandable.
I’m going to quit for now and come back to this another day. I don’t think I’ve thought about it enough yet or done enough research to be concrete. I do know that students in a planetarium or looking through a telescope are about a hundred times more motivated than reading a textbook or sitting in a traditional lecture, and technology is making those sorts of experiences more readily available.
Anyone know some really good examples of education in science fiction novels/stories, movies, or TV? I was really not that impressed with the adventure game in Ender’s Game, by the way, so let’s skip that one. I can’t help but feel my mind has gone blank for examples, or maybe it is just not a topic that comes up much. Le Guin’s The Dispossessed has some interesting ideas, but they’re not very developed. Ah well…
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Extremely violent physics problems: I’ve been known to introduce neuropsych syndromes with something along the lines of “so, to produce these symptoms, you’d need to shoot them in this part of the head, holding the gun at this angle…”. Works backwards, too: “Fred got shot here. What mental abilities would you expect this to impact?”. I think it makes it much easier to remember than if you just drone on about insular cortex this and perisylvian gyrus that…
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The only bit of SF education that comes to mind is the accelerated combat training late in Haldeman’s Forever War. He did something similar in reverse in one of his shorts, too (“A mind of his own”, from Infinite Dreams); the main character is a depressed (verging on suicidal) war vet who was considering selling his piano playing abilities and physics degree (as in, letting someone else suck the knowledge out of his brain and move it into their own).
Haldeman never explained why they couldn’t just copy skills rather than transfer them, but that may be excusable as it wasn’t the key focus of the story. However, you could describe the main focus as a form of SF education as well: it revolved around a psychological “therapy” that involved the subject being stuck in a VR infinite loop until they changed their behaviour.
I wouldn’t call them “good” examples, but the idea of push-button skill acquisition is rather appealing (see the prevalence of “skillsofts” in Cyberpunk fiction…).
It might not be entirely SF, either; I’m reading Norman Doidge’s “The Brain that Changes Itself” at the moment, and it has some interesting stuff in it about research aimed at reawakening juvenile neuroplasticity in adults (eg: Merzenich’s work with BDNF and the nucleus basalis).
It’s not quite as automatic as in Haldeman, but it’s looking like it might be possible to tweak brain chemistry in such a way that adults may be able to learn new skills with an ease comparable to the way infants acquire language. Funky stuff.
Ah, my brain unlocked, a little!
Starburst by Frederick Pohl.
Mimsy Were the Borograves, by Lewis Padgett, a classic.
I’m sure there are more.
Interesting stuff, Craig. Do you guys argue about that scene from Hannibal and if it is plausible?
Hannibal: never seen it. What was the scene?
Diamond Age is a very interesting book and in large part it is about education. The main character gets a book at the beginning of the story which is designed to be the perfect teaching tool. If you haven’t read it you should.
Craig, you haven’t seen it? Yikes. OK, Hannibal cuts out part of a guy’s brain while the guy is awake and talking, but drugged and not fully unaware of what’s going on. Graphic. You can watch it now if you like:
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=noupHDxmUTE
Not for the squeamish.
Ah, yes, Elton! The Diamond Age! That one is brilliant about education. I knew I was having this big block on this topic. It was like aliens had shown up and stolen my brain, or made me eat it myself, or something.
The Diamond Age is a great science fiction vision of the future of quality homeschooling.
Not my sort of movie, but there’s nothing in that scene that’s remotely implausible. Neurosurgery is routinely done with conscious patients; it’s often necessary in order to make sure they don’t chop something vital.
Before removing a bit of brain tissue, the surgeon will electrically stimulate the area and observe behaviour (or ask the patient what they experience). If, for instance, they report seeing spots or whatever, you know that you’ve hit a bit of the visual processing areas; if they start twitching their hand, you know you’ve got a motor control area, etc.
And the movie is correct in that there aren’t any sensory neurons in there. I’ve seen film of real neurosurgery done on conscious patients; it’s cool stuff. They’ll often do it with a drill-hole through the skull and a stereotaxic frame rather than lifting the whole cranium, though. The most unpleasant part of the surgery for the patient is probably the noise and smell of the drill going through the skull rather than the brain surgery itself.
The main immediate danger would be from bleeding out if the cerebral arteries were damaged, but a competent surgeon should be able to avoid hitting them. The “patient” would probably have died of post-operative infections, but somehow I doubt that Dr Lecter is particularly worried about that…
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