June 14th, 2012
It’s too late now, but it was possible, so let me explain how.
Before I do that, let me note that some people loved Prometheus, like Roger Ebert, even though he takes issue with Creationist commenters who think the movie is pro Intelligent Design. There are some who are willing to ignore the bad science, plot holes, and inconsistent characterization in service to deep allegory. I don’t care if a story is an allegory or not — it has to make sense on its own surface level, and as quite a few others have pointed out, it doesn’t. The more you think about it — and it’s clearly a movie made for people who like to think about movies — the less well it fares. Here are some problems I’ve been thinking about, and how to fix them.
I’m going to go more or less chronologically through the movie and point out various issues and discuss how they could have been fixed. I’ll try to play fair and give the movie makers the benefit of the doubt in some cases, but even in those cases, it hurts the viewing experience to sit there thinking, “That doesn’t make sense.” Mostly I’ll discuss science and logic issues, sometimes characterization issues, and not try to remake the story. It’s clear that film makers do get science advisers, including Prometheus, which probably helped, but they didn’t get enough help.
The first scene, like the first line in a book, is important. It sets the stage for what follows and is really there to tell you what the movie is all about. The first scene of Prometheus should have been cut. That’s the only way to improve it, in my opinion. Here the spoilers begin. The first scene shows an engineer purposely drinking black goo (borrowed from the X-Files, it seemed at times) to destroy himself and seed a planet with life. This planet may or may not be Earth, but it’s clearly a tip of the hat to the myth of Prometheus giving humans life. Except that we know from the fossil record that life has been around a long, long time. Billions of years. We also know evolution works. We also see the Engineers DNA being snipped apart. If this is the origin of life on Earth, that works. Except it’s ludicrous to believe in the Engineers keeping the same form and same technology over the course of billions of years. As we learn later, human DNA is a “perfect match” to that of the Engineers. That is ludicrous. Humans are not 12 feet tall and hairless. We’re also only a few percent different from other great apes.
Let this be the first lesson about writing science fiction. You don’t get to throw out existing science. New speculative elements still have to adhere to what we know about fossils, evolution, DNA, and timescales. I didn’t know enough of the story to immediately be bothered by the opening, but as events unfold and more information became available, the less reasonable I found it. It literally doesn’t make sense to me now. Just cut it and leave the origin to be a much more plausible tinkering with ape DNA, splicing in Engineer DNA, that I’ll infer given enough hints.
Our second opening scene is with our archeologists finding new cave paintings dating to 35,000 years ago, more or less. As in others spanning from a couple of thousand years ago to then, there is a depiction of giants pointing to a star pattern, “the invitation” of the movie. As find out very quickly, this star pattern is matched by only one direction in the sky, and is not an obvious set of stars to pick out by eye. We also find out that the key planet we’re being directed to is some 35 light-years from Earth. Here’s something too many viewers like myself know: over the course of thousands of years stars this close move realtive to each other and to the Earth. The constellations 35,000 years ago were different than a few thousand years ago. What they could have done, which would have been cool, was to have an evolution in the star patterns indicating the proper motions of those stars relative to us, and us requiring a lot of computations to extrapolate back in time to reconstruct the star pattern which no longer exists today. Already I hear someone complaining that this is a complicated idea and too difficult to convey to a movie audience. I disagree. I think it would have been cool and made our scientist couple out to be super clever.
Then let me comment on that 35 light-years figure. On screen it was shown as 3.something x 10^14 kilometers. That’s stupid. That’s someone wanting to use scientific notation to indicate the place is a gazillion miles away (not “half a billion miles from Earth” as Charlize Theron’s character says at one point, which I give a pass since the character probably doesn’t know herself). There’s another instance of unnecessary scientific notation, so this was a clear decision to set the story as scientific, as science fiction, not a fantasy horror story with the trappings of science fiction. With the third opening, the ship, we enter hard science territory.
Obviously the Prometheus has faster-than-light (FTL) capabilities, even though we only hear about ion engines. It does 35 light-years in two years, and there’s no mention of relativity. Furthermore, there are indications that the same amount of time will pass on Earth, so definitely no relativity. This would take a lot to fix, actually, without resorting to wormholes. It seems FTL is part of the Alien franchise universe, and I’d accept it as a viewer. Not hard science fiction, but an accepted trope of the genre.
We have awkwardness on board the ship. Apparently a lot of the crew are not only ignorant of the point of the mission, finding the ancient astronauts/creators, they haven’t even met each other before. That seems unbelievable, and smacks of lazy writing, not wanting to start too slowly but also wanting to make introductions easier. Revise it! Tossed me out of the story thinking it was ridiculous the different people had boarded and got into their sleep chambers on a 4+ year journey without actually having lots of meetings and orientations. Just bad writing.
Now, I’m actually ok with the idea of ancient astronauts and alien creators as the basis for a science fiction story. It just has to fit within known science, which includes evolution and the vast evidence for it. The briefing on the ship makes it sound like it’s an either/or. It isn’t. It has to be an “and.” Newtonian gravity didn’t stop working when Einstein developed relativity. Evolution doesn’t stop working just because someone seeded a planet with their DNA pieces…actually that’s when it starts.
Next issue is finding the alien base. They just go down to the moon and fly around until someone says, “Turn here! Nature doesn’t make straight lines!” Or something like that. Why not send out some orbiting satellites and let your smart computers find the alien base? Could be done in a single scene, adding an extra minute. Maybe. And it would remove a bit of stupid luck.
Want to talk stupid? The couple of guys who opt out of alien invasion get lost. One of them is the guy responsible for the lidar probes mapping the place. The fucking mapper gets lost?! Really?! I need to punch the person who made that decision. Give them a reasonable excuse to get side-tracked. Something interesting to investigate. Anything other than “We got fucking lost because we’re the fucking idiots you hired for the most important mission in the history of mankind!”
Now, the group that finds itself in the alien room with the murals and pots of black goo…and worms that have survived millenia…they touch stuff. Real archeologists don’t touch anything. And why is the black goo there? And activated when they go in? I understand the allegorical explanation, but when you have bioweapons you don’t do it like this. Or your species goes extinct, which the Engineers should have done billenia ago if they’re this dumb. To be fair, so are the humans…
What follows are artificial plot problems, too common in Hollywood movies and a product of weak writing, stuff like when the woman is running from the killer and falls down. We have the super storm, which they could have waited out. They didn’t, and we have the dropped head. And then, we apparently have no safety protocols on the ship because we bring the head on board and pump it full of electricity.
Oh man, was that dumb.
As soon as we have an infected human wanting to come on board, we kill him with fire. The head goes in the lab and explodes, the crew member gets killed with few repercussions. Shaw never confronts Vickers about killing her lover — because we get distracted by immaculate alien conception. But I’m jumping ahead of myself…back to the exploding head.
And WTF fuck does the head explode? This was where I was starting to think we have a dumb, dumb movie. Imagine taking a mummy head, or any part of a mummy, and adding electricity. What does it do? NOTHING! Except maybe smolder. And why hadn’t it been eaten by the worms or whatever kind of living critters are in that room already? What have they been eating for 2000 years?
David the enigmatic android steals a sample of the black goo and gives it to our male scientist, who will do “anything” to meet the Engineers. We have a repetition of duplicitous androids here, from HAL to every other android in every other aliens movie, more or less. David did not follow orders on the spot. Bad David. But WTF would he give the black goo to a human? If I were kind, I’d say he learned something from the hieroglyphics, but that information should have been shared somehow. Too many question marks.
And when he’s killed, instead of quarantined off ship, or in a room designed for that…which everyone should fucking know about!!!…we conveniently have the impregnation. If you’re going to impregnate a sterile woman, let us know more than 5 minutes before you do it that she’s sterile, otherwise it rings false. Really bad timing.
I honestly thought that pregnancy thing was a dream sequence, because otherwise it was too stupid.
Not stupid in principle, just as shot. Alien reproduction as pregnancy is a staple I can take. The way it was done was dumb in Prometheus.
When she extracts her alien kid, we’re told the autodoc is for men only. WTF? Now, there’s an obvious fix to this: the autodoc is for the old guy, not his daughter. But I really don’t see with the tech available why anyone would build such a machine for one sex only. It’s ridiculous. It’s a software issue, not a hardware issue. It’s another artificial problem that this society would not have. It’s just adding a little gratuitous tension in a scene that doesn’t need it.
And, as we see later, the alien baby grows really fast. It’s not a problem inside the womb — there’s food there to grow on. It’s a problem inside the ship. All we need to see, during the tour of the facilities, is that the room with autodoc also has extensive food stores. I assumed that the baby monster in the original Alien grew so fast in part because it found food somewhere. If Ridley Scott doesn’t understand the conservation of mass, he’s not allowed to bite me. He just need to avoid science fiction in the future.
OK, lots more happens, some of which doesn’t make sense. Aliens waking up after thousands of years, intelligent ones, might want to scope out their situation before pulling a “Hulk smash,” allegorical explanation or no. If they’re really that uptight, I say we go after them and remove them from the game of life, because they’re too inflexible to take seriously. And while the other alien movies established that bodiless androids need an electric jumpstart, not so David. I’ll accept this because he’s a special case.
But when the Engineer ship goes down, after the Captain and pilots of Prometheus are a little too accepting of someone’s word and display a weird easiness about accepting their own deaths, the alien ship crashes. We learn that there are other ships. And the Engineer COULD HAVE RAN FOR ONE. He’s already capable of long runs in the poison atmosphere with his 100% human DNA. But no…he has to go after our heroine to kill her. Why? I don’t have the slightest clue except he’s an alien and it’s scary. And he gets his just desserts running into her giant face-hugging baby.
I think that’s enough stuff to fix. Some of my fixes are obvious and easy, but some of them require extensive rewrites since they drop the tension level in some cases.
Some final thoughts and issues.
David the android is not supposed to be able to feel, but it’s strongly suggested that he does. He acts like he does, “liking” Lawrence of Arabia, and saying it’s natural to “hate your parents.” I’m tired of the error of the android being simultaneously human and not human (Mr. Data!). Just be consistent.
At least one of the script writers has a background writing for Lost, which was about the mystery, not the answer. While I’m fine with aliens acting alien and everything not being explained (except perhaps by a forced metaphor/allegory), too many inexplicable things makes for a dissatisfying viewing experience.
I’m sure there are other problems I’ve missed, or failed to discuss. Already afraid I’m in the “too long, didn’t read” category. Other suggested fixes?
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Forgot to add: Alcubierre’s metric is NOT a wormhole.
What about the “exploded sitting alien” from the first movie? Remember, there is only one destroyed ship at ground.
A lot of good stuff here, particularly on the complete incompetence of scientists on board. However, the criticism of the first scene feels unwarranted.
1) Why is it ludicrous to think think engineer DNA has stayed the same for billions of years? If you’re a society built around spreading life and obsessed with DNA, it seems perfectly rational that there would be efforts to keep your DNA pool constant.
2) You can interpret the ‘perfect match’ between Engineer and human DNA a number of different ways. It could mean common ancestry, common structure, ability to produce viable offspring, variance within a certain %, etc. Why would we pick the strictest interpretation? And even if we did pick the strictest interpretation, you can make a great argument that pygmies and Scandinavians look about as different from each other as Scandinavians and Engineers.
Not simply DNA wise more technology. Its kind of ludicrous to believe that engineer tech just ‘stopped’.
1) Why is that ludicrous? There’s no reason to think technology improves infinitely. The trope that technology stops, recedes, or moves in cycles is found all over science fiction. This seems even flimsier than the DNA argument.
2) We don’t actually know the past or current state of engineer technology. The only constant is the use of the black goo. We have no idea how advanced technology is in the opening scene, and we have no idea how advanced technology is at the time of Prometheus (remember, all we see is an abandoned military base). For all we know, the Engineer home world has black hole guns and trans-dimension microwaves, or whatever.
This movie is full of suspension-of-disbelief-breaking elements for anyone who has anything even close to a 3-digit IQ.
Let’s talk about one that hasn’t been mentioned: materials science.
Consider this: the alien ship was strong enough to fall from what looks like at least a kilometer of height (actually looks like several kilometers), and remain pretty much COMPLETELY INTACT, despite the fact that it obviously must have a mass of hundreds of thousands, or even millions of tons.
If you drop a nuclear submarine (which probably is about the strongest vessel you can imagine given our technology right now) from any significant height, I’d imagine it would look about like a car after a collision – smushed.
Ok, maybe it is made of alien voodoo jizz and is super-strong because they knew that they could make materials stronger than physics allows by reversing the polarity of something.
But if we accept that to be true, how come Prometheus had any effect? I mean it didn’t look like it did that much damage, but it downed the ship pretty well.
Listen, you can have one or the other… either the ship is so ultra-strong that it can’t break when falling from height under its own weight (I mean it remained a ring… didn’t even buckle…) in which case Prometheus could hardly do damage to it… or it’s made of realistic materials and could be downed by a collision, in which case it would at least break into several pieces when hitting the ground.
Going through my 47 errors in the movie (whether it is scientific or psychological), I find this one not asked. When Fifield when missing, how did he vanish off the 3D mapped cave and why his suit with a live streaming video was not looked at until he return. I mean, he really could not have escaped detection. Which goes back to my previous post of the entire crew abandonning the bridge with trapped crew.
Thanks,
CarpD (^_^)
Oh yeah, one more thing. There was a sillicate/glass dust storm, yet the next day, there was no sign of it. No build up of grains (the size of coins) where at the ship’s landing gear. It’s like it all magically blew away.
Thanks,
CarpD (^_^;
It’s amazing that Ridley Scott managed to turn this lazy script writing into something watchable. Damon Lindelof urgently needs to switch genres and start writing comedies, because he does seem to have a sense of humor:
That is kind of funny!
Why is it that in this prequel the technology seems superior/more developed to that available to the crew in the postquels (except for the Windows operating system) ?
Continuity between this and the other films is lacking. As pointed out above where did the Alien with the hole in its body from the original come from? Did the Engineer crawl back to the chair and put his “helmet” on? It does not make sense.
Also, how is it that black goo that passes through an infected human via his sperm impregnating a sterile woman producing an embryonic “octopus” that grows to gigantic size subsequently impregnating an engineer whose DNA is exactly like humans suddenly generate a creature, which in the previous films was alluded to have a different chemical make up: especially if its going to have acid for blood that when spilt eats through several floors of decking?!?!
Where did the egg laying ability come from?
Why, if “the alien” is indeed reconstituted/reprogrammed human/engineer DNA, does it not need to mate? Were all the aliens in the prequels hermaphrodites?
It does not make sense.
This film is not backwardly compatible.
How come, in Aliens, when the colonists are told where to find the ship, they do not (now) also discover the nearby building and wreckage (and bodies) of an Earth ship?
It does not make sense in its own fictional universe. And that’s the worst kind of not making sense a film can ever have.
The exploding head scene is just stupid. Yes, the first thing I would do if I found an ancient remarkably well preserved relic head is stick a probe in its ear to reanimate it… forgetting of course that not being attached to a body and lungs it can’t actually say anything. And how is it going to explode? … As not being attached to its body means that any pressure built up will vent via all the severed vessels!
This scene could be fixed by using the dream viewing technology… but then the head doesn’t need to explode. What is it with film makers and exploding heads?
Shane, Prometheus takes place on LV233 ( or 223, only seen it once ), whereas Alien and Aliens takes place on LV426 – so, different planet and different ships.
Although it does imply that the Engineers’ Bio-weapon has a habit of getting loose and killing them.
Great post! Thanks for writing all this up. Easy to share with friends.
I wonder why no one (that I’ve found) mentions the obvious blunder at the beginning. It’s actually no flaw of the plot that the Engineer runs on the surface presumably with no breathing equipment. They say that the atmosphere is toxic to humans, because the concentration of CARBON DIOXIDE is over 3%. Let me quote: “Two minutes without a suit, you’re dead.” And by contrast, let me quote from a referenced source in the Wikipedia entry on CO2: “Continuous inhalation of CO2 can be tolerated at three percent inspired concentrations for at least one month” (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carbon_dioxide#Toxicity)
It’s not inconceivable the engineers would not have changed through evolution in hundreds of millions of years since they seeded earth with their DNA. They may have already reached a singularity and used technology to maintain their DNA without mutation halting natural evolution effectively. They may very well be functionally immortal so some individuals could date back to that seeding. Likewise their technology could have reached its peak hundreds of millions of years before.
The next question why haven’t they altered themselves technologically, maybe they have maybe much of their species branched of and became something else millions of years ago. Just because those individuals and populations depicted by the film seem not to have changed what does that mean in terms of an interstellar species that has effectively attained immortality.
What is the black goo, probably some sort of collection of semi intelligent Nano-machines designed to interact with biological life forms. Why does it behave differently with different hosts, because it actions are being intelligently directed or it has an intelligent agenda of it’s own, (a sentient biological weapon).
I agree with most of the rest of the article however.
I should add that I don’t see how the Engineers DNA could be identical to humans. I can see that seeding a world with your DNA could kick start evolution, but couldn’t see that evolution reassembling your genome billions of years later into a creature that has different morphology but the same exact genome? It’s a remote possibility of course the black goo where nano-machines and guided evolution to reconstruct the genome in humans….but why anyone’s guess and why after so long too?
Then again the aliens technology might be used to modify their bodies e.g. enable them to breath the atmosphere, enhance strength, agility, intelligence, etc. But why use it to alter their morphology so radically in terms of size and appearance?
My biggest problem with the franchise of Alien and this is the failure to explain how they achieve FTL travel, we never see a ship traveling FTL but it is implied that it must since they seem able to travel vast distances without relativistic effects.
They must be using some sort of worm holes or special distortion effect (like a warp drive) but this is never explained even in black box terms.
Bishop by the way in Aliens is an example of a good Android in the series.
Conversation overheard at Engineer Central:
Bob “Oi! Jim”
Jim “Yeah?”
Bob “I was having a pint last night and I was reminded of something.”
Jim “What was that Bob?”
Bob “Well, remember about 3,000 years ago we sent some blokes off to build up a large weapons facility and produce black goob for delivery to that funny little planet over in the Milky Way?”
Jim “Oh ya. Now you mention it. I remember.”
Bob “Well, it occurred to me we have not had any reports or updates in about 2,000 years. Do you reckon we should check and see if everything’s alright? We might even need the mission completed from somewhere else if there’s a problem.”
Jim “Nah, I’m sure it’s fine.”
Bob “Okay skipper!”
Okay, so I know suspension of disbelief is a requirement of most art. But this notion really made it difficult for me to enjoy the plot. Since everything in the film follows from this premise that the super dooper life-building space faring species leaves their weapons facilities and settlements ignored for millenia, I find it tough to stomach. I still watch it occasionally and enjoy the pretty pictures and the action. But the plot is largely meaningless to me. It all just seems slapped together for convenience.
Yeah, the backstory needs a lot of work to be plausible. Right now, it isn’t close.
“I’m tired of the error of the android being simultaneously human and not human (Mr. Data!)”
Oh bother, he didn’t have emotions, that was his whole quest, to become more human, to speak of such detailed mistakes and make one of your own is amateurish.
That aside, the aliens have always grown without food, it never made any sense, it still doesn’t, but like FTL it’s one of those “things” they just put in there and don’t explain to you.
The black goo appears to react to the person, it seems bound to react based on what kind of person they are even, it reacts positively to the engineers who are some supreme form of life and have achieved harmony and unbelievable feats, but when applied to flawed humans it creates horrifying creatures and mutations, it’s as if the black goo brings out your inner manifestation, for the engineer it becomes self sacrifice and he seeds an entire planet with life, for a human it’s a greedy, violent creature bent only on propagation of its species and killing anything not of use to it, sound familiar?
That said, I have read theories on this, that the aliens guided us and at some point our nature turned, much like the Xel’Naga turned on the Protoss of StarCraft, a trope used widely, and the black goo – once a powerful tool, was somehow infected by the human element, causing the engineers to panic and flee, all of them rushing to contain the outbreak of whatever we transferred to the so impressionable goo.
The “Christ” figure keeps returning, all of it has religious allegories, and perhaps us turning on one of theirs – who we call Christ – somehow represented a turning point in their relationship with us, but things went awry before they could come and personally exterminate us.
So as things fell apart one of them went into stasis, perhaps assuming they would be rescued, but he was not, in fact it would seem either the project was abandoned(unlikely) or the ripple effect on the black goo was greater than this isolated incident, thus leading to the near annihilation of their species(hence why the black goo in Alien on the ship was all but gone, now only the human-derived fetid alien creatures, causing a crash)
Once awoken and confronted with a wicked, selfish man, and an extreme distortion of life(David), I think the engineer may have been amazed at first and quite shocked, and upon learning we were now expanding into the universe immediately decided we had to be exterminated with all haste, thus his sudden violence and attempt to set out for Earth.
Indeed, he was quite right, in the future we see corrupt government and megacorporations dominating life, destroying, and thus harboring more and more of the Xenomorph as a result of our very nature.
I have no theories on the place of the Predators in this, they’re just super cool and stuff.
All good stuff except for the alien squid baby. Now, it is possible for a creature to grow without access to food. Plants basically eat atmospheric carbon dioxide and it may be that squid baby can grow by the same principles, especially as it is a bioengineered weapon that may need to grow to lethal size away from sources of nourishment. But growing in the “mothers” womb to a size of several kilos, in hours, just nourished by the mother’s blood, without stripping all the blood sugar and minerals and killing the mother, is unlikely.
Prometheus, I’ve watched it 3-4 times. The first scene could have included a male and female engineer, then set it up as Adam & Eve and go from there. In the ending I agree why didn’t the Engineer go for another ship?
Great revue!
I have a problem with aliens coming to Earth and engaging us in conventional combat.
What about the Neutron Bomb!? Surely advanced civilizations would have not fallen in line with Jimmy Carter and dumped it. . .
I do not think that the argument about the evolutionary time period of 35,000 years has to make specific sense. We are making several assumptions based on what little was shown in the prologue The assumptions: This is Earth that an engineer sacrifices himself on, and secondly: who says that this engineer self sacrifice took place as little as 35,000 years ago? It had to have happened at least before the last “human recordings” of human-engineer interaction.
Engineers could have seeded certain types of life with this sacrifice based on the idea that the black goo interacts the same way with all life forms i.e. weaponizing them, but that doesn’t necessarily have to be true, in fact the shots of the river canyon in the prologue show hillsides covered in what is obstensibly lichen or moss showing that the recombinant black-goo DNA could be picky – perhaps it turned “primitive” indigenous life into more advanced life or even say, advanced the emergence of homo sapiens by interacting with other common mammalian or reptilian ancestors. This says to me that the interaction of the black goo with the engineer DNA was very particular. Evolution could have taken its natural course until the point of the recombinant interactions of the engineer black goo. Perhaps this had the effect of jumpstarting the emergence of homo sapiens, which we case we could make a value judgement that humans are in some ways evolutionarily “weaponized” if the health of our planet is taken into any consideration. This lends credence to the idea that the engineers sacrifice in the beginning was heretical and not a standard seeing practice, which is why the awoken engineer views humans as an abomination and destroys them. The smile at David in this case would have been out of amusement at the idea that those inferior abominations would attempt to create new forms of themselves.
I kind of think that it is a gift to the audience that this scene is ambivalent, I as a movie goer like to be able to create my own rationalized interpretations of what’s going on. It may have been too heavy handed to specifically outline the details of the act of seeding ancient Earth, and I relish the idea of developing my own narrative, the thought exercise alone is insanely rewarding. Especially as this scene does not necessarily provide directly conflicting ideas about the nature of black goo. It has obviously created a frenzy of ideation, and pontification that attempts to analyze its mysterious nature. This only serve to draw men in closer.